B2 English vocabulary
910 words at B2 (upper intermediate) from the 5,000 most common in English, commonest first. Levels are a considered judgement per word, not an official mapping, and inflected forms such as “went” are listed under their base word.
RankWord
Definition
PronunciationPart of speech
LevelExample
1060
trial
a case heard in a court of law; or a test
/ˈtɹaɪəl/
noun
B2
The trial lasted three weeks.
1134
master
a person in control; or to learn something fully
/ˈmæstɚ/
noun, verb
B2
The dog obeyed its master.
1166
investigation
a careful search for the facts about something
/ˌɪnˌvɛstəˈɡeɪʃən/
noun
B2
The police began an investigation.
1206
supply
an amount provided; or to provide something needed
/səˈplaɪ/
noun, verb
B2
The water supply was cut off.
1211
mass
a large amount or crowd; or a church service
/ˈmæs/
noun, adjective
B2
A mass of people filled the square.
1215
otherwise
if not; or in a different way
/ˈʌðɚˌwaɪz/
adverb
B2
Hurry, otherwise we will be late.
1220
civil
relating to ordinary citizens, not the army or church
/ˈsɪvəl/
adjective
B2
They fought a long civil war.
1223
crew
the people who work on a ship, plane or film
/ˈkɹu/
noun
B2
The crew worked through the night.
1227
species
a group of animals or plants of the same kind
/ˈspiʃiz/
noun
B2
This species of bird is rare.
1244
hell
a place of great suffering, or where the wicked go after death
/ˈhɛl/
noun
B2
The war was hell for everyone.
1249
demand
the need or desire for something; or to ask firmly
/dɪˈmænd/
noun, verb
B2
There is great demand for new homes.
1259
governor
the elected head of a state or region
/ˈɡʌvɚnɚ/
noun
B2
The governor visited the town.
1261
reality
what is actually true, not imagined
/ˌɹiˈæləˌti/
noun
B2
In reality, things are harder.
1264
claim
to say something is true without proof
/ˈkleɪm/
verb, noun
B2
They claim the money was stolen.
1274
complex
made of many parts and hard to understand
/ˈkɑmplɛks/
adjective
B2
The problem is very complex.
1278
firm
a business company; or solid and not soft
/ˈfɝm/
noun, adjective
B2
She works for a law firm.
1280
authority
the power to give orders; or an official body
/əˈθɔɹəti/
noun
B2
The police have the authority to arrest.
1288
spirit
courage and energy; or the part of a person that is not the body
/ˈspɪɹət/
noun
B2
The team played with great spirit.
1290
cast
the actors in a play or film; or to throw
/ˈkæst/
noun, verb
B2
The whole cast came on stage.
1295
division
a separation into parts; or a section of a company or army
/dɪˈvɪʒən/
noun
B2
There is a clear division between the two groups.
1301
strike
a refusal to work as a protest; or to hit
/ˈstɹaɪk/
noun, verb
B2
The workers are on strike.
1307
incident
an event, often a violent or unpleasant one
/ˈɪnsədənt/
noun
B2
The police are looking into the incident.
1329
commercial
to do with buying and selling; or an advert on TV
/kəˈmɝʃəl/
adjective, noun
B2
The film was a commercial success.
1330
commission
an official group given a task; or a payment for selling
/kəˈmɪʃən/
noun
B2
A commission was set up to study the problem.
1339
presence
the fact of being in a place
/ˈpɹɛzəns/
noun
B2
Your presence at the meeting is required.
1345
agent
a person who acts or does business for others
/ˈeɪdʒənt/
noun
B2
Our travel agent booked the hotel.
1349
investment
money put into something to make a profit
/ˌɪnˈvɛstmənt/
noun
B2
Buying the house was a good investment.
1366
influence
the power to change how others think or act
/ˈɪnfluəns/
noun, verb
B2
Her mother had a big influence on her.
1367
basis
the starting point or foundation of something
/ˈbeɪsəs/
noun
B2
Trust is the basis of a good friendship.
1370
primary
most important; or first in order
/ˈpɹaɪˌmɛɹi/
adjective
B2
Safety is our primary concern.
1394
critical
very important; or saying what is wrong with something
/ˈkɹɪtɪkəl/
adjective
B2
This is a critical moment.
1397
agency
a business that provides a service; or a government office
/ˈeɪdʒənsi/
noun
B2
She works for a travel agency.
1441
threat
something that may cause harm or danger
/ˈθɹɛt/
noun
B2
Pollution is a threat to wildlife.
1442
understanding
knowing how or why something works
/ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/
noun
B2
She has a good understanding of the subject.
1460
executive
a senior person in charge in a company
/ɪɡˈzɛkjətɪv/
noun, adjective
B2
She is a senior executive at a bank.
1461
crisis
a time of serious difficulty or danger
/ˈkɹaɪsəs/
noun
B2
The country is in an economic crisis.
1467
fellow
being in the same group or situation as you
/ˈfɛloʊ/
adjective, noun
B2
She thanked her fellow workers.
1471
intelligence
the ability to learn and understand; or secret information
/ˌɪnˈtɛlədʒəns/
noun
B2
She is a woman of great intelligence.
1476
structure
the way parts are arranged to form a whole
/ˈstɹʌktʃɚ/
noun
B2
The structure of the building is strong.
1493
content
what is inside something, or written in it
/ˈkɑntɛnt/
noun
B2
The content of the website changes daily.
1500
setting
the time and place where a story happens
/ˈsɛtɪŋ/
noun
B2
The setting of the film is Paris.
1524
nuclear
using energy released by splitting atoms
/ˈnukliɚ/
adjective
B2
The country built a nuclear power station.
1538
association
an official group of people with shared aims
/əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/
noun
B2
She joined a national teachers association.
1547
generation
all the people born around the same time
/ˌdʒɛnɚˈeɪʃən/
noun
B2
My generation grew up with computers.
1550
prior
happening or existing before something else
/ˈpɹaɪɚ/
adjective
B2
No prior experience is needed.
1581
soul
the spiritual part of a person
/ˈsoʊl/
noun
B2
She believes the soul lives on after death.
1590
launch
to start or introduce something new
/ˈlɔntʃ/
verb, noun
B2
They will launch a new phone next month.
1593
flow
a steady, continuous movement of liquid or traffic
/ˈfloʊ/
noun, verb
B2
The flow of traffic was slow.
1602
ensure
to make certain that something happens
/ɛnˈʃʊɹ/
verb
B2
Please ensure the door is locked.
1605
grant
money given by an organisation for a purpose
/ˈɡɹænt/
noun, verb
B2
She got a grant to study abroad.
1613
administration
the government in power, or those managing an organisation
/ædˌmɪnɪˈstɹeɪʃən/
noun
B2
The administration passed a new law.
1616
actual
real, not just expected or imagined
/ˈæktʃəwəl/
adjective
B2
The actual cost was much higher.
1644
accused
said to have done something wrong or illegal
/əˈkjuzd/
verb
B2
He was accused of stealing.
1651
require
to need something, often because of a rule
/ˌɹiˈkwaɪɚ/
verb
B2
Most jobs require some experience.
1671
gain
to get something useful, or more of something
/ˈɡeɪn/
verb, noun
B2
He hopes to gain more experience.
1674
core
the central or most important part
/ˈkɔɹ/
noun, adjective
B2
The core of the problem is money.
1677
estate
property in land and buildings; or a large area of land
/ɪˈsteɪt/
noun
B2
He works in real estate.
1680
function
the job or purpose something has
/ˈfʌŋkʃən/
noun, verb
B2
What is the function of this button?
1682
strategy
a plan for reaching a long-term goal
/ˈstɹætədʒi/
noun
B2
We need a new marketing strategy.
1684
analysis
a careful study of something in detail
/əˈnæləsəs/
noun
B2
The analysis of the data took weeks.
1686
aid
help such as food or money given to people in need
/ˈeɪd/
noun, verb
B2
The country needs food aid.
1693
proposed
formally put forward a plan or idea
/pɹəˈpoʊzd/
verb
B2
She proposed a new plan at the meeting.
1705
secure
safe and protected from danger or harm
/sɪˈkjʊɹ/
adjective, verb
B2
Keep your passwords in a secure place.
1739
foundation
an organisation that gives money for good causes; or a building's base
/faʊnˈdeɪʃən/
noun
B2
The school is supported by a foundation.
1747
fund
an amount of money collected for a purpose
/ˈfʌnd/
noun, verb
B2
We started a fund for the school.
1748
unlike
different from; in contrast to
/ənˈlaɪk/
preposition
B2
Unlike her sister, she loves sport.
1749
vision
the ability to see; or an idea of the future
/ˈvɪʒən/
noun
B2
He has poor vision in one eye.
1785
shift
a set period of work; or a change in position
/ˈʃɪft/
noun, verb
B2
She works the night shift.
1786
internal
inside an organisation, country or body
/ˌɪnˈtɝnəl/
adjective
B2
This is an internal report.
1787
joint
shared by two or more people; or where bones meet
/ˈdʒɔɪnt/
adjective, noun
B2
It was a joint effort.
1793
maintain
to keep something in good condition or at the same level
/meɪnˈteɪn/
verb
B2
It is hard to maintain an old house.
1798
era
a long period of history with a particular character
/ˈɛɹə/
noun
B2
It was the end of an era.
1805
capable
having the ability to do something
/ˈkeɪpəbəl/
adjective
B2
She is capable of doing much better.
1810
vice
second in rank, acting for the head when needed
/ˈvaɪs/
adjective, noun
B2
She was elected vice president.
1823
conflict
a serious disagreement or fight between groups
/ˈkɑnflɪkt/
noun
B2
The conflict lasted ten years.
1833
empire
a group of countries ruled by one leader or state
/ˈɛmpaɪɚ/
noun
B2
The Roman Empire lasted for centuries.
1834
overall
including everything; in general
/ˈoʊvɚˌɔl/
adjective, adverb
B2
The overall cost was lower than expected.
1840
advance
progress or forward movement; or ahead of time
/ədˈvæns/
noun, verb
B2
Book your tickets in advance.
1855
territory
land controlled by a country or ruler
/ˈtɛɹɪˌtɔɹi/
noun
B2
The army entered enemy territory.
1860
regarding
about; on the subject of
/ɹɪˈɡɑɹdɪŋ/
preposition
B2
I am writing regarding your order.
1882
capacity
the largest amount something can hold
/kəˈpæsəti/
noun
B2
The stadium has a capacity of 50,000.
1884
circumstances
the facts or conditions affecting a situation
/ˈsɝkəmˌstænsəz/
noun
B2
Under the circumstances, we had to cancel.
1890
leadership
the position or skill of being in charge of a group
/ˈlidɚˌʃɪp/
noun
B2
The team improved under her leadership.
1906
crown
a circle of gold worn on the head of a king or queen
/ˈkɹaʊn/
noun
B2
The queen wore a gold crown.
1909
housing
homes for people to live in, considered as a whole
/ˈhaʊzɪŋ/
noun
B2
The city needs more cheap housing.
1911
labor
work, especially physical work, and the workers who do it
/ˈleɪbɚ/
noun
B2
The cost of labor has risen.
1926
defeat
a loss in a game, battle or contest
/dɪˈfit/
noun, verb
B2
The team suffered a heavy defeat.
1946
officially
in a formal way approved by those in charge
/əˈfɪʃəli/
adverb
B2
The bridge was officially opened today.
1947
represent
to act or speak for someone else
/ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛnt/
verb
B2
She will represent our school.
1948
surgery
medical treatment that involves cutting the body open
/ˈsɝdʒɚi/
noun
B2
He needs surgery on his knee.
1973
volume
how loud a sound is; or the amount of space something fills
/ˈvɑljum/
noun
B2
Please turn the volume down.
1983
besides
in addition to; also
/bɪˈsaɪdz/
preposition, adverb
B2
Besides English, she speaks French.
1989
desire
a strong feeling of wanting something
/dɪˈzaɪɚ/
noun, verb
B2
He had a strong desire to travel.
1993
suspect
to think something is probably true, often something bad
/səˈspɛkt/
verb, noun
B2
I suspect she knows the truth.
1995
identify
to recognise and say who or what someone is
/aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ/
verb
B2
Can you identify the man in the photo?
2017
appeal
an urgent public request; or a request to change a court decision
/əˈpil/
noun, verb
B2
The charity made an appeal for help.
2031
domestic
inside one country; or to do with the home
/dəˈmɛstɪk/
adjective
B2
Most domestic flights leave from here.
2038
witness
someone who saw a crime or event happen
/ˈwɪtnəs/
noun
B2
The police are looking for a witness.
2043
commander
an officer in charge of soldiers
/kəˈmændɚ/
noun
B2
The commander gave the order to attack.
2048
ultimately
in the end, after everything
/ˈʌltəmətli/
adverb
B2
Ultimately, the choice is yours.
2058
attorney
a lawyer, especially in the United States
/əˈtɝni/
noun
B2
You should call your attorney.
2063
specifically
for one particular purpose and no other
/spəˈsɪfɪkli/
adverb
B2
The course is specifically for beginners.
2084
facility
a building or place made for a particular use
/fəˈsɪlɪti/
noun
B2
The new sports facility opens next month.
2090
dedicated
giving a lot of time and effort to something
/ˈdɛdəkeɪtəd/
adjective
B2
She is a dedicated teacher.
2096
suicide
the act of killing yourself on purpose
/ˈsuəˌsaɪd/
noun
B2
The police think it was suicide.
2102
storage
keeping things somewhere until they are needed
/ˈstɔɹədʒ/
noun
B2
We need more storage space.
2128
extreme
very great or severe, far beyond the usual
/ɛkˈstɹim/
adjective
B2
The region has extreme weather.
2142
convert
to change something into a different form
/ˈkɑnvɚt/
verb
B2
We plan to convert the garage into an office.
2144
reputation
the opinion people have of someone or something
/ˌɹɛpjəˈteɪʃən/
noun
B2
The restaurant has a good reputation.
2147
inspired
gave someone the idea or wish to do something
/ˌɪnˈspaɪɚd/
verb
B2
The book inspired a famous film.
2153
assembly
a group of people gathered to make decisions
/əˈsɛmbli/
noun
B2
The national assembly passed the law.
2159
pitch
a field where football or other games are played
/ˈpɪtʃ/
noun
B2
The players ran onto the pitch.
2165
constant
happening all the time without stopping
/ˈkɑnstənt/
adjective
B2
The baby needs constant attention.
2168
resistance
refusal to accept or allow something
/ɹɪˈzɪstəns/
noun
B2
There was strong resistance to the plan.
2180
cycle
a series of events that repeats in the same order
/ˈsaɪkəl/
noun
B2
This is part of a natural cycle.
2189
operate
to make a machine work; or to do surgery
/ˈɑpɚˌeɪt/
verb
B2
Can you operate this machine?
2203
combination
several things mixed or joined together
/ˌkɑmbəˈneɪʃən/
noun
B2
Success needs a combination of luck and hard work.
2207
regional
belonging to one part of a country
/ˈɹidʒənəl/
adjective
B2
She works for a regional newspaper.
2217
opposition
disagreement with a plan; or the parties not in government
/ˌɑpəˈzɪʃən/
noun
B2
There is strong opposition to the new road.
2227
appropriate
suitable for a particular situation
/əˈpɹoʊpɹiət/
adjective
B2
Jeans are not appropriate for a wedding.
2235
defence
protection against attack
/dɪˈfɛns/
noun
B2
The army is responsible for the defence of the country.
2241
relief
a good feeling when worry or pain ends
/ɹɪˈlif/
noun
B2
It was a relief to hear she was safe.
2245
creation
the act of making something new
/kɹiˈeɪʃən/
noun
B2
The creation of new jobs is a priority.
2260
carbon
a chemical element found in coal and all living things
/ˈkɑɹbən/
noun
B2
We must cut carbon emissions.
2266
frame
a border that holds a picture or window
/ˈfɹeɪm/
noun
B2
She put the photo in a silver frame.
2272
chairman
the person in charge of a meeting or company board
/ˈtʃɛɹmən/
noun
B2
The chairman opened the meeting.
2273
principal
most important; or the head of a school
/ˈpɹɪnsəpəl/
adjective, noun
B2
The principal reason is cost.
2274
trading
the buying and selling of goods or shares
/ˈtɹeɪdɪŋ/
noun
B2
Trading on the stock market was slow today.
2277
relatively
fairly, when compared with others
/ˈɹɛlətɪvli/
adverb
B2
The test was relatively easy.
2280
revolution
the overthrow of a government by the people
/ˌɹɛvəˈluʃən/
noun
B2
The revolution changed the country for ever.
2286
immediate
happening at once, without delay
/ˌɪˈmiˌdiət/
adjective
B2
We need an immediate answer.
2290
existence
the state of being real or alive
/ɛɡˈzɪstəns/
noun
B2
Do you believe in the existence of ghosts?
2298
appointed
chose someone officially for a job
/əˈpɔɪntɪd/
verb
B2
She was appointed head of the team.
2301
scheme
an official plan for doing something
/ˈskim/
noun
B2
The council launched a new recycling scheme.
2303
pride
a feeling of pleasure in what you or others have done
/ˈpɹaɪd/
noun
B2
She looked at her son with pride.
2310
proposal
a plan or idea put forward for others to consider
/pɹəˈpoʊzəl/
noun
B2
They rejected our proposal.
2312
engineering
the design and building of machines, roads and bridges
/ˈɛndʒəˈnɪɹɪŋ/
noun
B2
He studied engineering at university.
2322
literally
exactly, or used to stress that something is true
/ˈlɪtɚəli/
adverb
B2
There were literally thousands of people.
2338
edition
one version of a book or newspaper printed at one time
/əˈdɪʃən/
noun
B2
This is the first edition of the book.
2351
dramatic
sudden and very great or exciting
/dɹəˈmætɪk/
adjective
B2
There has been a dramatic rise in prices.
2355
capture
to catch and hold a person or animal
/ˈkæptʃɚ/
verb
B2
The police tried to capture the thief.
2362
conduct
to organise and carry out an activity
/ˈkɑndəkt/
verb
B2
They will conduct a survey next month.
2366
surrounding
all around a place
/sɚˈaʊndɪŋ/
adjective
B2
We explored the surrounding countryside.
2376
environmental
to do with nature and the natural world
/ɪnˌvaɪɹənˈmɛntəl/
adjective
B2
Pollution is a serious environmental problem.
2380
democratic
based on rule by the people through free votes
/ˌdɛməˈkɹætɪk/
adjective
B2
The country held its first democratic elections.
2393
recovery
the process of getting well again
/ɹɪˈkʌvɹi/
noun
B2
She made a quick recovery after the operation.
2397
threatened
said that he or she would do something harmful
/ˈθɹɛtənd/
verb
B2
He threatened to call the police.
2425
producer
a person who finances and organises a film or show
/pɹəˈdusɚ/
noun
B2
He is a film producer.
2431
landing
the act of a plane coming down to the ground
/ˈlændɪŋ/
noun
B2
The plane made a safe landing.
2436
possession
the state of having or owning something
/pəˈzɛʃən/
noun
B2
He was arrested for possession of drugs.
2440
objective
something you are trying to achieve
/əbˈdʒɛktɪv/
noun
B2
Our main objective is to win.
2446
tone
the quality of a voice that shows feeling
/ˈtoʊn/
noun
B2
I did not like his tone of voice.
2450
purchase
the act of buying something
/ˈpɝtʃəs/
noun, verb
B2
Keep the receipt as proof of purchase.
2457
chemical
made by or to do with the science of substances
/ˈkɛməkəl/
adjective, noun
B2
The factory produces chemical waste.
2459
existing
already there or in use now
/ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/
adjective
B2
The new road will replace the existing one.
2475
therapy
treatment that helps the body or mind get better
/ˈθɛɹəpi/
noun
B2
She is having therapy for her back.
2486
element
a basic part of something
/ˈɛləmənt/
noun
B2
Trust is an important element of any friendship.
2489
commitment
a promise, or willingness to give time and effort
/kəˈmɪtmənt/
noun
B2
Learning a language takes commitment.
2495
fate
a power believed to control future events
/ˈfeɪt/
noun
B2
No one knows what fate has in store.
2497
journal
a serious magazine on a special subject; or a diary
/ˈdʒɝnəl/
noun
B2
She published an article in a medical journal.
2498
assume
to think something is true without proof
/əˈsum/
verb
B2
I assume you have already eaten.
2529
trail
a rough path across country; or marks left behind
/ˈtɹeɪl/
noun
B2
We followed the trail through the forest.
2541
constitution
the basic laws by which a country is governed
/ˌkɑnstəˈtuʃən/
noun
B2
The constitution protects free speech.
2545
mode
a particular way or setting in which something works
/ˈmoʊd/
noun
B2
Switch your phone to silent mode.
2551
jersey
a shirt worn by a sports team; or a knitted top
/ˈdʒɝzi/
noun
B2
He wore the team jersey with pride.
2561
legend
an old traditional story, often not true; or a famous person
/ˈlɛdʒənd/
noun
B2
The legend tells of a lost city.
2569
abuse
cruel or harmful treatment of a person; or wrong use of something
/əˈbjus/
noun, verb
B2
The report describes years of abuse.
2575
absolute
complete and total, with no limit
/ˈæbsəˌlut/
adjective
B2
I have absolute trust in her.
2579
alliance
an agreement between groups to work together
/əˈlaɪəns/
noun
B2
The two parties formed an alliance.
2587
broadcast
to send out a programme on TV or radio
/ˈbɹɔdˌkæst/
verb, noun
B2
The match will be broadcast live.
2588
senator
a member of the upper house of a national parliament
/ˈsɛnətɚ/
noun
B2
The senator gave a long speech.
2598
settle
to end a disagreement; or to make a home somewhere
/ˈsɛtəl/
verb
B2
We need to settle this argument.
2600
pro
someone paid to do a sport or job, not an amateur
/ˈpɹoʊ/
noun, adjective
B2
He turned pro at eighteen.
2602
offensive
rude and likely to upset people; or a military attack
/əˈfɛnsɪv/
adjective, noun
B2
His joke was offensive.
2607
exposed
left without cover or protection; or made known
/ɪkˈspoʊzd/
verb, adjective
B2
Their skin was exposed to the sun.
2611
distribution
the act of sharing out or supplying goods
/ˌdɪstɹəˈbjuʃən/
noun
B2
The distribution of food was slow.
2613
perspective
a particular way of thinking about something
/pɚˈspɛktɪv/
noun
B2
Try to see it from my perspective.
2619
penalty
a punishment for breaking a rule; or a free shot at goal
/ˈpɛnəlti/
noun
B2
The penalty for speeding is a fine.
2621
alongside
next to, or together with
/əˈlɔŋˈsaɪd/
preposition, adverb
B2
He worked alongside his father.
2625
draft
an early version of a piece of writing
/ˈdɹæft/
noun, verb
B2
This is only the first draft.
2626
cabinet
the group of senior ministers in a government; or a cupboard
/ˈkæbənət/
noun
B2
The prime minister chose a new cabinet.
2630
invasion
an attack in which an army enters another country
/ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/
noun
B2
The invasion began at dawn.
2633
strip
a long narrow piece of something
/ˈstɹɪp/
noun, verb
B2
A thin strip of land lies along the coast.
2644
establish
to set up something that is meant to last
/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/
verb
B2
They want to establish a new school.
2651
household
all the people who live together in one home
/ˈhaʊsˌhoʊld/
noun
B2
Every household received a letter.
2653
behalf
representing or speaking for someone else
/bɪˈhæf/
noun
B2
I am writing on behalf of my client.
2666
moral
about right and wrong behaviour
/ˈmɔɹəl/
adjective, noun
B2
It was a difficult moral choice.
2670
bid
an offer of a price; or an attempt to win something
/ˈbɪd/
noun, verb
B2
Their bid for the house was too low.
2673
approval
official agreement or permission; or a good opinion
/əˈpɹuvəl/
noun
B2
We need the manager's approval.
2681
vital
absolutely necessary or very important
/ˈvaɪtəl/
adjective
B2
Water is vital for all living things.
2692
squad
a group of chosen players; or a small team of soldiers or police
/ˈskwɑd/
noun
B2
He was named in the national squad.
2696
rating
a score showing how good or popular something is
/ˈɹeɪtɪŋ/
noun
B2
The film has a high rating.
2716
increasingly
more and more as time passes
/ɪnˈkɹisɪŋli/
adverb
B2
It is getting increasingly cold.
2717
opposed
against something; disagreeing with it
/əˈpoʊzd/
adjective
B2
Many people are opposed to the plan.
2719
gang
an organised group of criminals or young people
/ˈɡæŋ/
noun
B2
A gang of thieves robbed the bank.
2725
priority
something that is more important than other things
/pɹaɪˈɔɹəti/
noun
B2
Safety is our top priority.
2734
affair
a matter or event; or a secret love relationship
/əˈfɛɹ/
noun
B2
The whole affair was a disaster.
2741
mount
a high peak, used in names; or to climb onto
/ˈmaʊnt/
noun, verb
B2
They climbed Mount Fuji.
2742
memorial
a monument built to remember people who died
/məˈmɔɹiəl/
noun, adjective
B2
They built a memorial to the soldiers.
2746
conservative
preferring traditional ways and opposing sudden change
/kənˈsɝvətɪv/
adjective, noun
B2
My parents are very conservative.
2747
drag
to pull something heavy along the ground
/ˈdɹæɡ/
verb
B2
He had to drag the box across the floor.
2749
sample
a small amount taken to test or show what the whole is like
/ˈsæmpəl/
noun
B2
The nurse took a blood sample.
2750
technique
a particular way of doing something that needs skill
/tɛkˈnik/
noun
B2
She has a good swimming technique.
2753
democracy
government by leaders that the people choose in elections
/dɪˈmɑkɹəsi/
noun
B2
Free elections are vital to democracy.
2755
peak
the pointed top of a mountain; or the highest point
/ˈpik/
noun
B2
We reached the peak at noon.
2756
shit
a very rude word said when angry; or body waste
/ˈʃɪt/
noun, interjection
B2
Oh shit, I forgot my keys!
2760
worldwide
across every country on earth
/ˈwɝlˈdwaɪd/
adjective, adverb
B2
The song was a worldwide hit.
2764
monitor
to watch and check something over a period of time
/ˈmɑnətɚ/
verb, noun
B2
Doctors monitor her heart rate.
2779
crucial
extremely important and deciding the outcome
/ˈkɹuʃəl/
adjective
B2
Water is crucial for survival.
2782
context
the situation or words around something that help explain it
/ˈkɑntɛkst/
noun
B2
You need to read it in context.
2789
expansion
growth in size, number or area
/ɪkˈspænʃən/
noun
B2
The company plans further expansion.
2792
destruction
very serious damage that ruins something
/dɪˈstɹʌkʃən/
noun
B2
The storm caused great destruction.
2796
finance
the management of money by banks and businesses
/fəˈnæns/
noun
B2
She works in finance.
2798
reveal
to make known something that was secret or hidden
/ɹɪˈvil/
verb
B2
She refused to reveal her name.
2799
investors
people who put money into a business to make a profit
/ˌɪnˈvɛstɚz/
noun
B2
Investors lost millions of dollars.
2801
fantasy
something imagined that is not real; or stories about magic
/ˈfæntəsi/
noun
B2
The book is a fantasy about dragons.
2805
solo
done alone, without anyone else; or a piece for one performer
/ˈsoʊˌloʊ/
adjective, adverb, noun
B2
She sailed solo around the world.
2813
procedure
an official or accepted way of doing something
/pɹəˈsidʒɚ/
noun
B2
Follow the safety procedure.
2815
convention
a large formal meeting; or an accepted custom
/kənˈvɛnʃən/
noun
B2
The convention attracts thousands of fans.
2826
consistent
always behaving or happening in the same way
/kənˈsɪstənt/
adjective
B2
Her work is always consistent.
2827
formula
a rule written in signs and numbers; or a fixed method
/ˈfɔɹmjələ/
noun
B2
The formula for water is H2O.
2843
marketing
the work of promoting and selling products
/ˈmɑɹkətɪŋ/
noun
B2
She works in marketing.
2844
regardless
without being affected by something
/ɹəˈɡɑɹdləs/
adverb
B2
He carried on regardless.
2849
vulnerable
easily hurt, attacked or harmed
/ˈvʌlnɚəbəl/
adjective
B2
Old people are vulnerable to the cold.
2856
ultimate
coming at the very end; or the greatest
/ˈʌltəmət/
adjective
B2
Their ultimate aim is peace.
2865
origin
the place or point where something begins
/ˈɔɹədʒən/
noun
B2
What is the origin of this word?
2874
profile
a short description of someone; or the side view of a face
/ˈpɹoʊˌfaɪl/
noun
B2
Update your online profile.
2885
coverage
the reporting of news about something
/ˈkʌvɚədʒ/
noun
B2
The election got wide coverage.
2888
decline
a gradual fall in amount or quality
/dɪˈklaɪn/
noun, verb
B2
There has been a decline in sales.
2900
superior
better in quality; or higher in rank
/suˈpɪɹiɚ/
adjective, noun
B2
This product is superior to that one.
2902
editor
a person in charge of what goes into a newspaper or book
/ˈɛdətɚ/
noun
B2
She is a newspaper editor.
2903
engagement
an agreement to marry; or involvement in something
/ɛnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/
noun
B2
They announced their engagement.
2904
transition
a change from one state or stage to another
/tɹænˈzɪʃən/
noun
B2
The transition to democracy was peaceful.
2911
reform
a change made to improve a system
/ɹəˈfɔɹm/
noun, verb
B2
The government promised tax reform.
2918
root
the part of a plant under the ground; or the cause of something
/ˈɹut/
noun
B2
The root of the problem is money.
2925
recognition
public praise for an achievement; or knowing someone again
/ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃən/
noun
B2
She received recognition for her work.
2926
deck
the flat floor of a ship; or a pack of cards
/ˈdɛk/
noun
B2
We sat on the deck of the ship.
2931
category
a group of things with shared features
/ˈkætəˌɡɔɹi/
noun
B2
Put each word in the right category.
2934
rail
trains as a way of travelling; or a bar to hold onto
/ˈɹeɪl/
noun
B2
They travelled by rail.
2935
defensive
quick to protect yourself from criticism; or used to resist attack
/dɪˈfɛnsɪv/
adjective
B2
He became defensive when asked.
2936
cooperation
working together toward a shared goal
/koʊˌɑpɚˈeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Thank you for your cooperation.
2944
partnership
a relationship where people or firms work together
/ˈpɑɹtnɚˌʃɪp/
noun
B2
The two firms formed a partnership.
2956
chip
a tiny electronic part in a computer; or a fried strip of potato
/ˈtʃɪp/
noun
B2
The computer needs a new chip.
2963
resolution
a formal decision made by a group vote; or a firm promise
/ˌɹɛzəˈluʃən/
noun
B2
The UN passed a resolution.
2964
province
a large area of a country with its own local government
/ˈpɹɑvəns/
noun
B2
Each province has its own government.
2968
grave
a place in the ground where a dead person is buried
/ˈɡɹeɪv/
noun, adjective
B2
They visited her grave.
2977
academic
relating to schools, universities and study
/ˌækəˈdɛmɪk/
adjective
B2
The academic year starts in September.
2982
spiritual
relating to the soul and religion, not the body
/ˈspɪɹɪˌtʃuəl/
adjective
B2
He is a deeply spiritual man.
2983
flash
a sudden bright light lasting a moment
/ˈflæʃ/
noun, verb
B2
There was a flash of lightning.
2992
aged
having lived for a given number of years
/ˈeɪdʒd/
adjective
B2
She has two children aged five and seven.
2993
principle
a basic rule or belief that guides behaviour
/ˈpɹɪnsəpəl/
noun
B2
It is a matter of principle.
2998
audio
relating to recorded or broadcast sound
/ˈɑdiˌoʊ/
adjective, noun
B2
The audio quality is poor.
3009
bloody
bleeding, or involving much killing and wounding
/ˈblʌdi/
adjective
B2
He had a bloody nose after the fight.
3010
representative
a person chosen to act or speak for others
/ˌɹɛpɹəˈzɛntətɪv/
noun, adjective
B2
She is the union's representative.
3011
efficient
working well without wasting time or energy
/ɪˈfɪʃənt/
adjective
B2
The new engine is more efficient.
3013
universal
true or shared everywhere, by everyone
/ˌjunəˈvɝsəl/
adjective
B2
Music is a universal language.
3015
philosophy
the study of ideas about truth, life and knowledge
/fəˈlɑsəfi/
noun
B2
He studied philosophy at university.
3017
fighter
a person who boxes or battles; or a small warplane
/ˈfaɪtɚ/
noun
B2
He is a skilled fighter.
3023
humanity
all the people in the world; or kindness
/hjuˈmænɪti/
noun
B2
War is a crime against humanity.
3029
strategic
part of a long-term plan to win or succeed
/stɹəˈtidʒɪk/
adjective
B2
It was a strategic decision.
3038
interior
the inside part of something
/ˌɪnˈtɪɹiɚ/
noun, adjective
B2
The interior of the car is leather.
3041
concrete
a hard building material of cement and stones; or real, specific
/kənˈkɹit/
noun, adjective
B2
The floor is made of concrete.
3046
essentially
in its most basic nature
/ɛˈsɛnʃəli/
adverb
B2
The two plans are essentially the same.
3053
maintenance
work done to keep something in good condition
/ˈmeɪntənəns/
noun
B2
The lift is closed for maintenance.
3061
extraordinary
very unusual and remarkable
/ˌɛkstɹəˈɔɹdəˌnɛɹi/
adjective
B2
She has an extraordinary voice.
3065
relevant
connected with what is being discussed
/ˈɹɛləvənt/
adjective
B2
Is this information relevant?
3072
circuit
a closed path for electric current; or a racing track
/ˈsɝkət/
noun
B2
The electrical circuit is broken.
3083
conclusion
a decision reached after thinking; or the end
/kənˈkluʒən/
noun
B2
What is your conclusion?
3084
panel
a group of experts; or a flat piece of material
/ˈpænəl/
noun
B2
A panel of experts will decide.
3085
competitive
involving rivalry; or keen to win
/kəmˈpɛtətɪv/
adjective
B2
Prices here are very competitive.
3086
reverse
to change to the opposite; or drive backwards
/ɹɪˈvɝs/
verb, noun
B2
She had to reverse the car.
3091
sacrifice
giving up something valued for another purpose
/ˈsækɹəˌfaɪs/
noun, verb
B2
It was a great sacrifice for her.
3101
critics
people who review films, books or plays professionally
/ˈkɹɪtɪks/
noun
B2
The film was praised by critics.
3104
promote
to encourage or advertise; or move up in rank
/pɹəˈmoʊt/
verb
B2
They want to promote healthy eating.
3108
gender
the state of being male, female or another identity
/ˈdʒɛndɚ/
noun
B2
Pay should not depend on gender.
3110
processing
the treatment of data or materials in a series of steps
/ˈpɹɑsɛsɪŋ/
noun
B2
Data processing takes time.
3118
resulting
happening as an effect of something else
/ɹɪˈzʌltɪŋ/
adjective
B2
The storm and the resulting floods caused damage.
3119
artificial
made by people, not natural
/ˌɑɹtəˈfɪʃəl/
adjective
B2
The drink contains artificial colours.
3132
heritage
traditions and buildings passed down from the past
/ˈhɛɹətədʒ/
noun
B2
The castle is part of our heritage.
3133
devil
the chief evil spirit in some religions
/ˈdɛvəl/
noun
B2
He looked as if he had seen the devil.
3139
sequence
a series of things in a set order
/ˈsikwəns/
noun
B2
The events happened in a strange sequence.
3143
survival
continuing to live, especially in danger
/sɚˈvaɪvəl/
noun
B2
Water is essential for survival.
3144
operator
a person who runs a machine or a phone system
/ˈɑpɚˌeɪtɚ/
noun
B2
Ask the operator for help.
3147
knight
a soldier of high rank in the Middle Ages
/ˈnaɪt/
noun
B2
The knight rode a white horse.
3151
revenge
harm done to someone in return for a wrong
/ɹiˈvɛndʒ/
noun
B2
He wanted revenge for his brother's death.
3156
guarantee
to promise firmly; or a written promise to repair
/ˌɡɛɹənˈti/
verb, noun
B2
I can't guarantee it will work.
3167
extension
an added part; or extra time allowed
/ɪkˈstɛnʃən/
noun
B2
They built an extension to the house.
3177
rank
a position in an ordered level, especially in the army
/ˈɹæŋk/
noun
B2
He reached the rank of captain.
3182
mining
digging coal, metal or stone out of the ground
/ˈmaɪnɪŋ/
noun
B2
The town grew up around coal mining.
3185
insisted
said firmly that something must happen, in the past
/ˌɪnˈsɪstəd/
verb
B2
He insisted on paying.
3195
reflect
to send back light or heat; or to think carefully
/ɹɪˈflɛkt/
verb
B2
Mirrors reflect light.
3211
contrast
a clear difference between things compared
/ˈkɑntɹæst/
noun
B2
There is a sharp contrast between the two.
3218
swing
to move back and forth from a fixed point
/ˈswɪŋ/
verb, noun
B2
The children like to swing in the park.
3219
layer
a flat sheet of material lying over or under another
/ˈleɪɚ/
noun
B2
A thin layer of dust covered the table.
3220
significantly
by a large or important amount
/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/
adverb
B2
Prices rose significantly.
3231
exclusive
limited to a few people; expensive and select
/ɪkˈsklusɪv/
adjective
B2
It's an exclusive club.
3243
handling
the way something is dealt with or managed
/ˈhændlɪŋ/
noun
B2
The handling of the crisis was poor.
3248
acid
a chemical liquid that can burn or dissolve
/ˈæsəd/
noun
B2
Lemon juice contains citric acid.
3252
timing
the choice of when something happens
/ˈtaɪmɪŋ/
noun
B2
The timing of the announcement was perfect.
3256
replacement
a thing or person that takes the place of another
/ɹɪˈpleɪsmənt/
noun
B2
We need a replacement for the broken part.
3262
exception
a case that does not follow the rule
/ɪkˈsɛpʃən/
noun
B2
Everyone came, with one exception.
3267
shelter
a place giving protection from weather or danger
/ˈʃɛltɚ/
noun
B2
They found shelter from the rain.
3268
nevertheless
in spite of that
/ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/
adverb
B2
It was raining; nevertheless, we went out.
3273
judgment
the ability to decide wisely; or a court decision
/ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/
noun
B2
I trust your judgment.
3278
ambassador
a top official representing their country abroad
/æmˈbæsədɚ/
noun
B2
The ambassador met the president.
3281
depression
an illness causing long periods of deep sadness; or an economic slump
/dɪˈpɹɛʃən/
noun
B2
She suffered from depression.
3291
recover
to get well again after illness or difficulty
/ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/
verb
B2
He needs time to recover.
3295
promotion
a move to a higher job; or advertising
/pɹəˈmoʊʃən/
noun
B2
She got a promotion at work.
3300
commit
to do something wrong or illegal; or to pledge yourself
/kəˈmɪt/
verb
B2
He did not commit the crime.
3309
galaxy
a huge group of stars in space
/ˈɡæləksi/
noun
B2
Our galaxy contains billions of stars.
3316
expectations
beliefs about what will happen, more than one
/ˌɛkspɛkˈteɪʃənz/
noun
B2
The results exceeded our expectations.
3319
bass
the lowest musical part; or the instrument playing it
/ˈbæs/
noun
B2
He plays bass in a band.
3321
installed
put equipment in place ready for use, in the past
/ˌɪnˈstɔld/
verb
B2
We installed a new heating system.
3323
investigate
to examine carefully to find the facts
/ˌɪnˈvɛstəˌɡeɪt/
verb
B2
Police will investigate the crime.
3326
civilian
a person who is not in the armed forces
/səˈvɪljən/
noun, adjective
B2
A civilian was hurt in the attack.
3335
institution
a large organisation such as a bank, school or hospital
/ˌɪnstɪˈtuʃən/
noun
B2
The bank is an old institution.
3344
dialogue
the words spoken by characters; or talks between groups
/ˈdaɪəˌlɔɡ/
noun
B2
The film has very little dialogue.
3349
privacy
freedom from being watched or disturbed by others
/ˈpɹaɪvəsi/
noun
B2
She values her privacy.
3351
supporters
fans or people who back a person or cause, more than one
/səˈpɔɹtɚz/
noun
B2
The team's supporters cheered.
3352
desperate
feeling there is little hope and ready to try anything
/ˈdɛspɹɪt/
adjective
B2
He was desperate for help.
3369
parade
a public procession celebrating something
/pɚˈeɪd/
noun
B2
We watched the parade from the balcony.
3371
aspect
one part or feature of a situation
/ˈæˌspɛkt/
noun
B2
It is an important aspect of the job.
3373
concluded
ended; or decided after thinking, in the past
/kənˈkludəd/
verb
B2
The meeting concluded at noon.
3375
requirements
things that are needed or demanded, more than one
/ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənts/
noun
B2
You must meet the entry requirements.
3378
outstanding
extremely good; or still unpaid
/ˌaʊtˈstændɪŋ/
adjective
B2
She is an outstanding student.
3392
permit
an official paper allowing you to do something
/pɚˈmɪt/
noun, verb
B2
You need a permit to fish here.
3404
inspiration
something that gives you new ideas or the wish to create
/ˌɪnspɚˈeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Nature is her inspiration.
3410
passage
a narrow way through; or a short part of a text
/ˈpæsədʒ/
noun
B2
A narrow passage led to the garden.
3414
agriculture
farming: growing crops and raising animals
/ˈæɡɹɪˌkʌltʃɚ/
noun
B2
Agriculture is important to the region.
3418
researchers
people who study a subject to find new facts, more than one
/ˈɹisɚtʃɚz/
noun
B2
Researchers found a new drug.
3426
column
a regular newspaper article; or a tall stone post
/ˈkɑləm/
noun
B2
She writes a weekly column.
3428
impression
an idea or feeling formed about someone or something
/ˌɪmˈpɹɛʃən/
noun
B2
She made a good impression.
3430
manufacturing
making goods in large numbers in factories
/ˌmænjəˈfæktʃɚɪŋ/
noun
B2
He works in manufacturing.
3440
followers
people who support someone or receive their posts, more than one
/ˈfɑloʊɚz/
noun
B2
She has a million followers online.
3443
opponent
a person you compete or fight against
/əˈpoʊnənt/
noun
B2
She beat her opponent easily.
3465
relation
a connection between things
/ɹiˈleɪʃən/
noun
B2
The fall in sales has no relation to the weather.
3476
bunch
a group of things tied or growing together
/ˈbʌntʃ/
noun
B2
He bought a bunch of flowers.
3483
tragedy
a very sad event; or a serious play ending badly
/ˈtɹædʒədi/
noun
B2
The accident was a tragedy.
3491
popularity
the state of being liked by many people
/ˌpɑpjəˈlɛɹəti/
noun
B2
The singer's popularity grew quickly.
3501
publicly
openly, where everyone can see or hear
/ˈpʌblɪkli/
adverb
B2
The minister apologised publicly yesterday.
3503
substantial
large in amount or importance
/səbˈstænʃəl/
adjective
B2
They made a substantial profit this year.
3507
overcome
to succeed in dealing with a difficulty
/ˈoʊvɚˌkʌm/
verb
B2
She worked hard to overcome her fear.
3508
tech
computers, electronics and the industry around them
/ˈtɛk/
noun
B2
He works for a tech company.
3511
loyal
faithful, always supporting someone
/ˈlɔɪəl/
adjective
B2
He has always been a loyal friend.
3513
isolated
far from other places or people
/ˈaɪsəˌleɪtəd/
adjective
B2
They live in an isolated village.
3515
strictly
completely, with no exceptions allowed
/ˈstɹɪktli/
adverb
B2
Smoking is strictly forbidden here.
3519
consent
permission or agreement to let something happen
/kənˈsɛnt/
noun, verb
B2
You need your parents' consent to go.
3524
negotiations
formal talks aimed at reaching an agreement
/nəˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃənz/
noun
B2
The negotiations lasted all night.
3525
genetic
relating to features inherited through DNA
/dʒəˈnɛtɪk/
adjective
B2
The disease has a genetic cause.
3526
bow
to bend the head or body forward to show respect
/ˈbaʊ/
verb, noun
B2
The actors stepped forward to bow.
3532
folk
traditional, from the ordinary people of a region
/ˈfoʊk/
adjective, noun
B2
She loves traditional folk music.
3535
damn
a rude word showing anger or annoyance
/ˈdæm/
interjection, adjective
B2
Damn, I missed the bus!
3536
contemporary
belonging to the present time, modern
/kənˈtɛmpɚˌɛɹi/
adjective
B2
The gallery shows contemporary art.
3537
rally
a large public meeting to support a cause
/ˈɹæli/
noun, verb
B2
Thousands attended the rally in the square.
3538
apparent
seeming real or true; or easy to see
/əˈpɛɹənt/
adjective
B2
There was no apparent reason for the delay.
3541
trigger
to cause something to start happening
/ˈtɹɪɡɚ/
verb, noun
B2
Stress can trigger a headache.
3547
treaty
a formal written agreement between countries
/ˈtɹiti/
noun
B2
The two countries signed a peace treaty.
3556
restore
to bring back to an earlier good condition
/ɹɪˈstɔɹ/
verb
B2
They plan to restore the old castle.
3562
welfare
health and happiness; or state help for people in need
/ˈwɛlˌfɛɹ/
noun
B2
The charity works for children's welfare.
3563
rival
a person or group competing against another
/ˈɹaɪvəl/
noun, adjective
B2
He beat his main rival in the final.
3569
membership
the state of belonging to a club or group
/ˈmɛmbɚˌʃɪp/
noun
B2
Membership of the club costs fifty pounds a year.
3581
infection
an illness caused by bacteria or a virus
/ˌɪnˈfɛkʃən/
noun
B2
He has an ear infection.
3587
sheriff
the chief law officer of an American county
/ˈʃɛɹəf/
noun
B2
The sheriff arrested the thief.
3588
concerning
about, on the subject of
/kənˈsɝnɪŋ/
preposition
B2
I have questions concerning the contract.
3595
trend
a general direction in which things are changing
/ˈtɹɛnd/
noun
B2
There is a trend towards healthier eating.
3596
obtain
to get something, often with effort
/əbˈteɪn/
verb
B2
You must obtain a visa before you travel.
3605
horn
a device on a vehicle that makes a loud warning noise; or a hard point on an animal's head
/ˈhɔɹn/
noun
B2
The driver sounded his horn.
3606
contribute
to give money, help or ideas toward something
/kənˈtɹɪbjut/
verb
B2
Everyone should contribute to the cost.
3610
distant
far away in space or time
/ˈdɪstənt/
adjective
B2
We heard the sound of distant thunder.
3612
protein
a substance in meat, eggs and beans that builds the body
/ˈpɹoʊˌtin/
noun
B2
Eggs are a good source of protein.
3619
tension
a nervous, unfriendly feeling between people
/ˈtɛnʃən/
noun
B2
There is growing tension between the two countries.
3621
substance
a particular kind of material, solid, liquid or gas
/ˈsʌbstəns/
noun
B2
The bottle contained a dangerous substance.
3624
terrorist
a person who uses violence for political aims
/ˈtɛɹɚɪst/
noun, adjective
B2
The terrorist was arrested at the airport.
3628
trace
to find where something came from or went
/ˈtɹeɪs/
verb, noun
B2
The police could not trace the call.
3631
efficiency
working well without wasting time or energy
/ɪˈfɪʃənsi/
noun
B2
The new system improves efficiency.
3633
pump
a machine that pushes liquid or air
/ˈpʌmp/
noun, verb
B2
We need a pump for the bike tyres.
3637
generate
to produce or create something
/ˈdʒɛnɚˌeɪt/
verb
B2
The wind farm will generate electricity.
3639
viewers
people who watch television
/ˈvjuɚz/
noun
B2
The programme attracted millions of viewers.
3645
communist
following the political idea that the state owns all property
/ˈkɑmjənəst/
adjective, noun
B2
The country had a communist government.
3646
communicate
to share information or feelings with others
/kəˈmjunəˌkeɪt/
verb
B2
We communicate mostly by email.
3648
mutual
felt or done equally by both sides
/ˈmjutʃuəl/
adjective
B2
They have a mutual respect for each other.
3649
inspector
an official who checks that rules are followed
/ˌɪnˈspɛktɚ/
noun
B2
The inspector checked the tickets.
3650
involvement
taking part in an activity or event
/ˌɪnˈvɑlvmənt/
noun
B2
His involvement in the crime is unclear.
3653
versus
against, in a game or legal case
/ˈvɝsəs/
preposition
B2
It is England versus France tonight.
3665
challenging
difficult in a way that tests your skill
/ˈtʃæləndʒɪŋ/
adjective
B2
It was a challenging but rewarding job.
3669
arena
a large building for sports or shows with seats around
/ɚˈinə/
noun
B2
The concert was held in a huge arena.
3674
outer
on the outside, furthest from the centre
/ˈaʊtɚ/
adjective
B2
Remove the outer leaves of the cabbage.
3681
repeatedly
many times, again and again
/ɹɪˈpitɪdli/
adverb
B2
He was warned repeatedly but did not listen.
3683
contrary
the opposite of what was just said
/ˈkɑntɹɛɹi/
noun, adjective
B2
On the contrary, I loved it.
3689
logic
a sensible way of reasoning
/ˈlɑdʒɪk/
noun
B2
I don't understand the logic of his argument.
3693
lover
a person you have a sexual relationship with, often secretly
/ˈlʌvɚ/
noun
B2
He met his lover in secret.
3698
advised
told someone what you think they should do
/ædˈvaɪzd/
verb
B2
The doctor advised me to rest.
3700
cruise
a holiday on a large ship visiting several places
/ˈkɹuz/
noun, verb
B2
They went on a cruise around the islands.
3706
tune
a series of musical notes that is pleasant to hear
/ˈtun/
noun, verb
B2
She hummed a happy tune.
3709
contribution
something given to help a cause or project
/ˌkɑntɹəˈbjuʃən/
noun
B2
Thank you for your contribution to the project.
3714
alien
a being from another planet; or a foreigner
/ˈeɪliən/
noun, adjective
B2
The film is about an alien from Mars.
3716
virtual
existing on computers or online rather than physically
/ˈvɝtʃuəl/
adjective
B2
You can take a virtual tour of the museum.
3721
canal
a man-made waterway for boats or water supply
/kəˈnæl/
noun
B2
We took a boat trip along the canal.
3728
currency
the money used in a particular country
/ˈkɝənsi/
noun
B2
The euro is the currency of many countries.
3729
mysterious
strange and hard to explain or understand
/mɪˈstɪɹiəs/
adjective
B2
A mysterious stranger arrived in town.
3730
precisely
exactly, at that very point
/pɹɪˈsaɪsli/
adverb
B2
The train left at precisely nine o'clock.
3734
attract
to make people want to come or look
/əˈtɹækt/
verb
B2
The beach will attract many tourists.
3737
panic
sudden strong fear that stops clear thinking
/ˈpænɪk/
noun, verb
B2
There was panic when the fire started.
3738
stability
the state of being steady and not changing
/stəˈbɪlɪti/
noun
B2
The country needs political stability.
3739
genius
a person with exceptional intelligence or talent
/ˈdʒinjəs/
noun
B2
Einstein was a genius.
3740
threatening
saying or suggesting that harm will come
/ˈθɹɛtənɪŋ/
adjective
B2
He received a threatening letter.
3744
whilst
during the time that; or although, mainly British
/ˈwaɪlst/
conjunction
B2
He read a book whilst he waited.
3746
mechanical
relating to machines and how they work
/məˈkænɪkəl/
adjective
B2
The plane had a mechanical problem.
3748
aboard
on or into a ship, plane, train or bus
/əˈbɔɹd/
adverb, preposition
B2
All passengers are now aboard the ship.
3759
sergeant
a soldier or police officer of middle rank
/ˈsɑɹdʒənt/
noun
B2
The sergeant shouted orders at the soldiers.
3761
controversial
causing a lot of public disagreement
/ˌkɑntɹəˈvɝʃəl/
adjective
B2
The new law is highly controversial.
3764
considerable
great enough to matter; fairly large
/kənˈsɪdɚəbəl/
adjective
B2
The project cost a considerable amount of money.
3768
diplomatic
relating to official relations between countries
/ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/
adjective
B2
The two countries cut diplomatic ties.
3770
noble
morally fine and generous; or of high social rank
/ˈnoʊbəl/
adjective
B2
It was a noble thing to do.
3776
lighting
the lamps used in a place, and the brightness they give
/ˈlaɪtɪŋ/
noun
B2
The lighting in the room is too dim.
3785
qualified
having passed the exams or training for a job
/ˈkwɑləˌfaɪd/
adjective
B2
She is a qualified nurse.
3788
bonus
extra money added to someone's usual pay
/ˈboʊnəs/
noun
B2
All staff received a bonus at Christmas.
3790
cure
a medicine or treatment that makes an illness go away
/ˈkjʊɹ/
noun, verb
B2
There is still no cure for the common cold.
3792
immigration
people coming to live permanently in a new country
/ˌɪməˈɡɹeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Immigration is a major political issue.
3796
tongue
the soft movable part inside the mouth used for tasting
/ˈtʌŋ/
noun
B2
He burned his tongue on the hot soup.
3799
trap
a device or trick for catching an animal or person
/ˈtɹæp/
noun, verb
B2
The mouse was caught in a trap.
3800
hook
a curved piece of metal for hanging or catching things
/ˈhʊk/
noun
B2
Hang your coat on the hook.
3801
ownership
the legal right to possess something
/ˈoʊnɚˌʃɪp/
noun
B2
The ownership of the land is disputed.
3803
biological
relating to living things; or related by birth
/ˌbaɪəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/
adjective
B2
She is the child's biological mother.
3806
luxury
great comfort and expensive pleasure
/ˈlʌɡʒɚi/
noun, adjective
B2
They stayed in a luxury hotel.
3814
custom
a traditional way of behaving in a community
/ˈkʌstəm/
noun
B2
It is a local custom to give gifts.
3817
psychological
relating to the mind and feelings
/ˌsaɪkəˈlɑdʒɪkəl/
adjective
B2
He suffers from psychological problems.
3820
pregnancy
the time a woman carries a baby inside her body
/ˈpɹɛɡnənsi/
noun
B2
She felt sick during her pregnancy.
3821
preserve
to keep something safe or in good condition
/pɹəˈzɝv/
verb
B2
We must preserve the forests.
3827
terminal
a building where passengers arrive and leave; or ending in death
/ˈtɝmənəl/
noun, adjective
B2
Our flight leaves from Terminal 2.
3832
crack
a thin line where something has broken but not split apart
/ˈkɹæk/
noun, verb
B2
There is a crack in the window.
3833
shipping
sending goods to customers, or carrying them by sea
/ˈʃɪpɪŋ/
noun
B2
Shipping is free on orders over fifty euros.
3837
anxiety
a feeling of worry and nervousness
/æŋˈzaɪəti/
noun
B2
She suffers from anxiety before exams.
3840
sin
an act that breaks a religious or moral law
/ˈsɪn/
noun
B2
Lying is a sin in many religions.
3848
compromise
an agreement where each side gives up something
/ˈkɑmpɹəˌmaɪz/
noun, verb
B2
They finally reached a compromise.
3851
programming
writing instructions for computers
/ˈpɹoʊˌɡɹæmɪŋ/
noun
B2
He is learning computer programming.
3852
accompanied
gone somewhere together with someone
/əˈkʌmpənid/
verb
B2
Children must be accompanied by an adult.
3853
overseas
in or to a foreign country across the sea
/ˈoʊvɚˈsiz/
adverb, adjective
B2
She has worked overseas for years.
3855
survivors
people still alive after a disaster
/sɚˈvaɪvɚz/
noun
B2
Rescuers searched for survivors.
3856
reduction
a fall in size, amount or number
/ɹəˈdʌkʃən/
noun
B2
There has been a reduction in crime.
3857
elder
older, of two people in a family
/ˈɛldɚ/
adjective, noun
B2
My elder brother lives in Canada.
3860
tribe
a group of families sharing a language and customs
/ˈtɹaɪb/
noun
B2
The tribe lives deep in the rainforest.
3873
powder
a dry substance made of very tiny grains
/ˈpaʊdɚ/
noun
B2
Add a spoonful of milk powder.
3885
associate
to connect something with something else in your mind
/əˈsoʊsiət/
verb, noun
B2
I associate that song with my childhood.
3887
constructed
built, put together from parts
/kənˈstɹʌktəd/
verb
B2
The bridge was constructed in 1890.
3911
banking
the business of keeping and lending money
/ˈbæŋkɪŋ/
noun
B2
He has a career in banking.
3918
awareness
knowing about or understanding something
/əˈwɛɹnəs/
noun
B2
We need to raise awareness of the problem.
3923
genuine
real, not false; or honest and sincere
/ˈdʒɛnjəwən/
adjective
B2
Is this a genuine diamond?
3925
fatal
causing someone's death; or leading to disaster
/ˈfeɪtəl/
adjective
B2
He was in a fatal car accident.
3937
lifestyle
the way a person or group chooses to live
/ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/
noun
B2
She leads a healthy lifestyle.
3949
discipline
training people to obey rules, and the control that results
/ˈdɪsəplən/
noun
B2
The school is known for strict discipline.
3953
statistics
numbers collected to show facts about something
/stəˈtɪstɪks/
noun
B2
Statistics show that crime is falling.
3954
confusion
a state of not understanding, or of disorder
/kənˈfjuʒən/
noun
B2
There was some confusion about the time.
3957
overnight
for or during the whole night
/ˈoʊvɚˈnaɪt/
adverb, adjective
B2
We stayed overnight in a hotel.
3958
hip
the part of the body where the leg joins the side
/ˈhɪp/
noun
B2
She broke her hip when she fell.
3975
pin
a thin piece of metal with a sharp point for fastening
/ˈpɪn/
noun, verb
B2
She fixed the badge with a pin.
3977
evolved
developed gradually over time
/ɪˈvɑlvd/
verb
B2
The company has evolved over the years.
3980
suspicious
seeming wrong or dishonest; or not trusting others
/səˈspɪʃəs/
adjective
B2
Police found a suspicious package.
3991
restrictions
official rules that limit what you can do
/ɹiˈstɹɪkʃənz/
noun
B2
There are restrictions on water use.
3996
precise
exact and accurate in every detail
/pɹɪˈsaɪs/
adjective
B2
Can you give me the precise time?
4002
agricultural
to do with farming
/ˌæɡɹəˈkʌltʃɚəl/
adjective
B2
Most of the region is agricultural land.
4014
technically
according to the strict facts or rules
/ˈtɛknɪkəli/
adverb
B2
Technically, the shop is still open.
4034
registration
the act of putting a name on an official list
/ˌɹɛdʒɪˈstɹeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Registration closes on Friday.
4039
equipped
having the tools or machines needed
/ɪˈkwɪpt/
adjective
B2
The kitchen is well equipped.
4042
publishing
the business of producing books and magazines
/ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ/
noun
B2
She works in publishing.
4056
backup
a spare copy kept in case the original is lost
/ˈbæˌkʌp/
noun
B2
Always keep a backup of your files.
4062
database
an organised store of information on a computer
/ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/
noun
B2
Your details are stored in our database.
4066
artistic
showing skill and creativity in painting, music and so on
/ɑɹˈtɪstɪk/
adjective
B2
She comes from an artistic family.
4080
gravity
the force that pulls things toward the ground
/ˈɡɹævəti/
noun
B2
Gravity keeps the moon near the earth.
4083
carrier
a company that moves people or goods, such as an airline
/ˈkæɹiɚ/
noun
B2
The airline is a low-cost carrier.
4089
shield
a piece of armour held up for protection
/ˈʃild/
noun
B2
The soldier held up his shield.
4096
retail
the sale of goods to the public in shops
/ˈɹiˌteɪl/
noun
B2
She has worked in retail for years.
4102
feedback
comments on how well something was done
/ˈfidˌbæk/
noun
B2
Thanks for your helpful feedback.
4112
publication
the act of printing and issuing a book; or a book or magazine
/ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/
noun
B2
The book is ready for publication.
4116
pension
money paid regularly to someone who has stopped working
/ˈpɛnʃən/
noun
B2
He lives on a small pension.
4117
casino
a place where people gamble for money
/kəˈsinoʊ/
noun
B2
They lost a lot of money at the casino.
4119
participants
people who join in an activity or event
/pɑɹˈtɪsəpənts/
noun
B2
All participants received a certificate.
4134
deposit
a sum paid first as a promise; or money put into a bank
/dəˈpɑzɪt/
noun
B2
We paid a deposit on the flat.
4140
tissue
a soft paper handkerchief; or a mass of cells in the body
/ˈtɪˌsju/
noun
B2
She handed me a tissue.
4148
composed
wrote a piece of music
/kəmˈpoʊzd/
verb
B2
Mozart composed his first symphony as a child.
4156
mature
fully grown; or sensible like an adult
/məˈtʃʊɹ/
adjective
B2
She is very mature for her age.
4172
continuous
going on without a break
/kənˈtɪnjuəs/
adjective
B2
There was continuous rain for three days.
4179
concentration
close attention to one thing; or the strength of a mixture
/ˌkɑnsənˈtɹeɪʃən/
noun
B2
The job needs great concentration.
4182
distributed
shared out or delivered to many people
/dɪˈstɹɪbjətəd/
verb
B2
Food was distributed to the villagers.
4195
demanding
needing a lot of effort or skill
/dɪˈmændɪŋ/
adjective
B2
Teaching is a demanding job.
4200
invest
to put money into something to make a profit
/ˌɪnˈvɛst/
verb
B2
He wants to invest in property.
4201
saints
holy people honoured by the Church
/ˈseɪnts/
noun
B2
The church is full of statues of saints.
4210
bitter
sharp and unpleasant in taste; or angry and hurt
/ˈbɪtɚ/
adjective
B2
The coffee tastes bitter.
4214
exhibit
to show publicly in a museum or gallery
/ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/
verb, noun
B2
The museum will exhibit her paintings.
4215
trailer
a short film advertising a new film; or a vehicle pulled by another
/ˈtɹeɪlɚ/
noun
B2
We watched the trailer for the new film.
4218
grain
seeds of wheat or rice; or a tiny piece of something
/ˈɡɹeɪn/
noun
B2
The farm grows grain for bread.
4225
villa
a large house with a garden, often for holidays
/ˈvɪlə/
noun
B2
They rented a villa by the sea.
4234
diverse
very different from each other; varied
/daɪˈvɝs/
adjective
B2
London has a diverse population.
4236
liver
the large organ that cleans the blood
/ˈlɪvɚ/
noun
B2
Too much alcohol damages the liver.
4238
resist
to fight against, or say no to
/ɹɪˈzɪst/
verb
B2
I could not resist another piece of cake.
4239
mill
a building where grain is ground into flour; or a factory
/ˈmɪl/
noun
B2
The old mill by the river is now a museum.
4245
slip
to slide by accident and lose your balance
/ˈslɪp/
verb
B2
Be careful not to slip on the ice.
4247
shed
a small hut in a garden for storing things
/ˈʃɛd/
noun
B2
The tools are in the garden shed.
4253
bold
brave and confident; or strong and clear in colour
/ˈboʊld/
adjective
B2
It was a bold decision.
4255
embassy
the office of a country's diplomats in a foreign capital
/ˈɛmbəsi/
noun
B2
She works at the British embassy.
4268
elementary
basic and simple; or for young children at school
/ˌɛləˈmɛntɹi/
adjective
B2
This is an elementary mistake.
4269
buffalo
a large wild animal of the cattle family
/ˈbʌfəˌloʊ/
noun
B2
A herd of buffalo crossed the plain.
4276
restricted
limited, or open only to some people
/ɹiˈstɹɪktəd/
adjective
B2
This is a restricted area.
4278
promising
likely to be successful in future
/ˈpɹɑməsɪŋ/
adjective
B2
She is a promising young singer.
4292
profession
a type of job that needs special training
/pɹəˈfɛʃən/
noun
B2
She chose the medical profession.
4303
chapel
a small church, or a room for prayer
/ˈtʃæpəl/
noun
B2
They got married in a small chapel.
4308
miracle
an amazing event that cannot be explained
/ˈmɪɹəkəl/
noun
B2
It was a miracle that nobody died.
4310
valid
legally acceptable; or reasonable
/ˈvælɪd/
adjective
B2
Your ticket is valid for one month.
4311
server
a computer that provides data to others; or a waiter
/ˈsɝvɚ/
noun
B2
The server is down again.
4313
scandal
an event that causes public shock and anger
/ˈskændəl/
noun
B2
The scandal forced the minister to resign.
4324
scholarship
money given to pay for a student's studies
/ˈskɑlɚˌʃɪp/
noun
B2
She won a scholarship to Oxford.
4339
harbor
a sheltered area of water where ships stay
/ˈhɑɹbɚ/
noun
B2
The boats stayed in the harbor.
4343
manual
done with the hands; or a book of instructions
/ˈmænjuəl/
adjective, noun
B2
He does manual work on a farm.
4346
demonstrate
to show clearly how something works
/ˈdɛmənˌstɹeɪt/
verb
B2
Let me demonstrate how it works.
4350
dam
a wall built across a river to hold back water
/ˈdæm/
noun
B2
They built a dam across the river.
4358
robbery
the crime of stealing from a person or place
/ˈɹɑbɚi/
noun
B2
There was a robbery at the bank.
4362
identification
a document proving who you are
/aɪˌdɛntəfəˈkeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Please show some identification.
4376
celebrity
a famous person, often seen on TV
/səˈlɛbɹɪti/
noun
B2
She became a celebrity overnight.
4380
hop
to jump in small steps, often on one foot
/ˈhɑp/
verb
B2
The bird began to hop across the grass.
4382
refugees
people forced to leave their country, often by war
/ˈɹɛˌfjudʒiz/
noun
B2
Thousands of refugees crossed the border.
4396
handful
a small number; or as much as fits in a fist
/ˈhændˌfʊl/
noun
B2
Only a handful of people came.
4408
importantly
used to mark a point that matters greatly
/ˌɪmˈpɔɹtəntli/
adverb
B2
More importantly, nobody was hurt.
4423
adopt
to take another's child as your own; or to start using
/əˈdɑpt/
verb
B2
They plan to adopt a child.
4427
observe
to watch carefully; or to notice
/əbˈzɝv/
verb
B2
Scientists observe the birds every day.
4429
unemployment
the state of having no paid job
/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
noun
B2
Unemployment rose again this year.
4434
ash
the grey powder left after something burns
/ˈæʃ/
noun
B2
Ash from the volcano covered the town.
4440
detect
to notice or discover something hidden
/dɪˈtɛkt/
verb
B2
The test can detect the disease early.
4445
respected
admired by many people for good qualities
/ɹɪˈspɛktɪd/
adjective
B2
He is a highly respected doctor.
4450
railroad
a system of tracks on which trains run
/ˈɹeɪlˌɹoʊd/
noun
B2
The railroad crosses the desert.
4456
observation
careful watching over time; or a remark
/ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃən/
noun
B2
The patient is under observation.
4460
minority
a smaller part of a group, less than half
/maɪˈnɔɹəti/
noun
B2
Only a minority of people voted.
4472
barrel
a large round container for liquids; a unit for oil
/ˈbæɹəl/
noun
B2
Oil rose to eighty dollars a barrel.
4485
logical
following clear reasoning; sensible
/ˈlɑdʒɪkəl/
adjective
B2
That is the logical next step.
4494
resource
a supply of something useful, such as oil or money
/ˈɹisɔɹs/
noun
B2
Water is a precious resource.
4501
explosive
able to blow up violently
/ɪkˈsploʊsɪv/
adjective, noun
B2
The police found an explosive device.
4505
auction
a public sale where people bid against each other
/ˈɑkʃən/
noun
B2
The painting was sold at auction.
4510
separation
being apart, or the act of moving apart
/ˌsɛpɚˈeɪʃən/
noun
B2
The separation from her family was hard.
4521
twist
to turn something round; or an unexpected change
/ˈtwɪst/
verb, noun
B2
Twist the lid to open it.
4523
amateur
doing something for pleasure, not for pay
/ˈæməˌtɝ/
adjective, noun
B2
He is an amateur photographer.
4533
medication
a drug taken to treat an illness
/ˌmɛdəˈkeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Are you taking any medication?
4535
bacteria
tiny living things, some causing disease
/bækˈtɪɹiə/
noun
B2
Wash your hands to kill bacteria.
4537
anonymous
with a name that is not known or given
/əˈnɑnəməs/
adjective
B2
The letter was anonymous.
4540
resigned
gave up a job or position officially
/ɹɪˈzaɪnd/
verb
B2
The minister resigned last week.
4541
patch
a small piece covering a hole; or a small area
/ˈpætʃ/
noun
B2
He had a patch on his jacket.
4543
nerve
a fibre carrying signals in the body; or courage
/ˈnɝv/
noun
B2
He lost his nerve at the last minute.
4544
innovation
a new idea or method, or bringing one in
/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/
noun
B2
The company is famous for innovation.
4548
tremendous
very great in amount or degree
/tɹəˈmɛndəs/
adjective
B2
They made tremendous progress.
4570
rumors
stories passed around that may not be true
/ˈɹumɚz/
noun
B2
There are rumors about his health.
4571
horizon
the line where the earth or sea seems to meet the sky
/hɚˈaɪzən/
noun
B2
The sun sank below the horizon.
4575
participation
joining in with an activity
/pɑɹˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Thank you for your participation.
4576
characteristics
typical features or qualities, more than one
/ˌkɛɹəktɚˈɪstɪks/
noun
B2
What are the main characteristics of the region?
4577
acceptable
good enough to be allowed or agreed to
/ækˈsɛptəbəl/
adjective
B2
Is this price acceptable to you?
4579
ruin
to spoil or destroy something completely
/ˈɹuən/
verb, noun
B2
The rain will ruin our picnic.
4583
submit
to hand in for judgement; or to give in
/səbˈmɪt/
verb
B2
Please submit your work by Friday.
4585
modest
not talking proudly about yourself; or not large
/ˈmɑdəst/
adjective
B2
He is very modest about his success.
4593
exploration
travelling through a place to learn about it
/ˌɛksplɚˈeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Space exploration is very expensive.
4597
rebels
people fighting against those in power
/ˈɹɛbəlz/
noun
B2
The rebels took control of the city.
4598
hunger
the feeling or state of needing food
/ˈhʌŋɡɚ/
noun
B2
Millions of people suffer from hunger.
4607
encouraging
giving hope or confidence
/ɛnˈkɝɪdʒɪŋ/
adjective
B2
The results are very encouraging.
4619
tackle
to deal with a difficult problem; or to try to take the ball
/ˈtækəl/
verb, noun
B2
We must tackle this problem now.
4622
modified
changed in a small way
/ˈmɑdəˌfaɪd/
verb, adjective
B2
The design was modified slightly.
4623
pose
to create a problem or threat; or to sit for a photo
/ˈpoʊz/
verb, noun
B2
The storm could pose a danger.
4634
demonstration
a public protest march; or a showing of how something works
/ˌdɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/
noun
B2
Thousands joined the demonstration.
4642
atomic
connected with nuclear energy or weapons
/əˈtɑmɪk/
adjective
B2
They feared an atomic war.
4656
psychology
the science of the mind and behaviour
/saɪˈkɑlədʒi/
noun
B2
She studied psychology at university.
4666
harvest
the gathering of crops, or the crops gathered
/ˈhɑɹvəst/
noun, verb
B2
The farmers gathered the harvest.
4673
accessible
easy to reach, enter or use
/ækˈsɛsəbəl/
adjective
B2
The building is accessible by wheelchair.
4684
tense
nervous and unable to relax; or a verb form showing time
/ˈtɛns/
adjective, noun
B2
The atmosphere was very tense.
4694
faithful
loyal and keeping your promises
/ˈfeɪθfəl/
adjective
B2
The dog was faithful to its owner.
4695
historically
in the past; or in terms of the past
/hɪˈstɔɹɪkəli/
adverb
B2
Historically, the city was a port.
4703
tropical
of the hot, wet regions near the equator
/ˈtɹɑpɪkəl/
adjective
B2
They live in a tropical climate.
4705
regulation
an official rule; or controlling by rules
/ˌɹɛɡjəˈleɪʃən/
noun
B2
This regulation protects workers.
4715
creator
the person who makes or invents something
/kɹiˈeɪtɚ/
noun
B2
He is the creator of the series.
4717
reflection
an image seen in a mirror or water; or careful thought
/ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/
noun
B2
She looked at her reflection in the mirror.
4722
experimental
new and still being tested
/ɪkˌspɛɹɪˈmɛntəl/
adjective
B2
The drug is still experimental.
4724
declaration
an official public statement
/ˌdɛklɚˈeɪʃən/
noun
B2
They signed a declaration of independence.
4740
booth
a small enclosed space, or a stall at a fair
/ˈbuθ/
noun
B2
She called from a phone booth.
4757
unconscious
not awake, after an injury or illness
/ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/
adjective
B2
He was unconscious for two hours.
4758
hood
a cover for the head attached to a coat
/ˈhʊd/
noun
B2
She pulled up the hood of her coat.
4760
adjust
to change slightly to make better
/əˈdʒʌst/
verb
B2
You can adjust the height of the chair.
4762
moderate
neither too much nor too little
/ˈmɑdɚət/
adjective
B2
Take moderate exercise every day.
4767
composition
the parts something is made of; or a piece of music
/ˌkɑmpəˈzɪʃən/
noun
B2
The composition of the team has changed.
4774
formally
officially, or in a correct, serious way
/ˈfɔɹməli/
adverb
B2
He was formally charged with murder.
4780
matching
of the same colour or pattern as another thing
/ˈmætʃɪŋ/
adjective
B2
She wore a matching hat and scarf.
4782
negotiate
to discuss to reach an agreement
/nəˈɡoʊʃiˌeɪt/
verb
B2
They agreed to negotiate a new deal.
4791
scattered
spread over a wide area
/ˈskætɚd/
adjective, verb
B2
Toys were scattered across the floor.
4812
lens
a curved piece of glass that focuses light
/ˈlɛnz/
noun
B2
I need a new lens for my camera.
4832
harmony
peaceful agreement; or notes that sound well together
/ˈhɑɹməni/
noun
B2
They live in harmony with nature.
4847
lap
the top of the legs when sitting; or one circuit of a track
/ˈlæp/
noun
B2
The cat sat on her lap.
4860
conservation
protecting nature and old buildings from harm
/ˌkɑnsɚˈveɪʃən/
noun
B2
She works in wildlife conservation.
4861
flooding
water covering land that is usually dry
/ˈflʌdɪŋ/
noun
B2
Heavy rain caused flooding in the town.
4862
fossil
the remains of an ancient animal or plant in rock
/ˈfɑsəl/
noun
B2
They found a dinosaur fossil.
4863
attendance
the number of people present, or being present
/əˈtɛndəns/
noun
B2
Attendance at the meeting was low.
4874
protective
meant to keep someone or something safe from harm
/pɹəˈtɛktɪv/
adjective
B2
Wear protective clothing.
4876
adapted
changed to suit a new use or situation
/əˈdæptɪd/
verb
B2
The novel was adapted for television.
4881
sexually
in a way connected with sex
/ˈsɛkʃuəli/
adverb
B2
The disease is sexually transmitted.
4902
meaningful
serious, important or useful
/ˈminɪŋfəl/
adjective
B2
We had a meaningful conversation.
4904
spectacular
very impressive to look at
/spɛkˈtækjəlɚ/
adjective
B2
The view from the top is spectacular.
4930
traditionally
according to long-held custom
/tɹəˈdɪʃənəli/
adverb
B2
Traditionally, the bride wears white.
4943
immigrants
people who have come to live in another country
/ˈɪməɡɹənts/
noun
B2
Many immigrants settled in the city.
4944
nonsense
words or ideas that are silly or not true
/ˈnɑnsɛns/
noun
B2
That is complete nonsense!
4949
conscious
awake and aware of what is around you
/ˈkɑnʃəs/
adjective
B2
He was conscious after the fall.
4956
donated
gave something to a charity or good cause
/ˈdoʊˌneɪtɪd/
verb
B2
She donated money to the hospital.
4961
remarks
things said giving an opinion, more than one
/ɹɪˈmɑɹks/
noun
B2
His remarks upset many people.
4980
sporting
connected with games and athletic competitions
/ˈspɔɹtɪŋ/
adjective
B2
It was a great sporting event.
4989
deadline
the latest time by which something must be done
/ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/
noun
B2
The deadline is Friday.
4991
upgrade
to improve to a newer or better version
/əpˈɡɹeɪd/
verb, noun
B2
I need to upgrade my computer.
4998
crushed
pressed so hard that it broke or lost shape
/ˈkɹʌʃt/
verb
B2
The car was crushed by a tree.